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What is a 'grain' and 'grain size'?

In metallurgy, "grain" refers to any of the small randomly distributed crystals of varying sizes that compose a solid metal. The structure and size of the individual grains determine the physical and mechanical properties of the metal.

For example in steel, decreasing the grain size will increase the strength and toughness of the steel.

You can find out more information if you search for "grain" here: http://www.matter.org.uk/matter_glossary/glossary.htm

by Chris Taylor